上市新型经皮递药系统的研究进展

对近几年来上市的经皮制剂进行文献整理和归纳，通过查阅相关文献，对贴剂、软膏剂、凝胶剂、乳膏剂、泡沫剂、洗剂等经皮给药制剂的特点、上市时间、作用、不良反应等进行总结。经皮制剂是药物通过皮肤吸收的一类外用递药给药系统，可以局部给药也可以全身给药，具有安全性高、毒副作用小、使用方便的优点，是目前国内外研究的热点。     

Objective evaluation of abutment tooth preparation for preformed metal crowns for primary molars in Japanese preclinical training

Evaluation of abutment tooth shape for preformed metal crowns for primary teeth in preclinical training depends on the subjective opinion of the instructor providing the training. Thus, the student's grade will likely vary according to teacher grading. In this study, we explored the potential for objective evaluation by comparing evaluations performed by teaching personnel (teacher grading) of abutment teeth for preformed metal crowns for primary teeth prepared by students at a dental school with evaluation by a three-dimensional (3D) laser morphometric system (system grading). The subjects of the evaluations were 139 abutment teeth for preformed metal crowns for primary teeth that had been prepared by fourth-year students at Asahi University School of Dentistry during preclinical pediatric dentistry training. A tooth prepared by a teacher following instruction criteria was used as the reference tooth, and system grade points were calculated from deductions made for insufficient and excessive cutting. Teacher grade points varied among teachers. We found that teachers prioritized contours of the margin, buccal and lingual sides, and adjacent surfaces in their evaluations. System grading showed that most students carried out insufficient cutting. The mean (SD) teacher and system grade points were 57.7 (9.7) and 75.7 (4.7), respectively, and these grade points were positively correlated (r = 0.500). System grading provides a simple 3D visual assessment of insufficient and excessive cutting that can be used for instructing students.     

HPLC-ABTS-DAD-Q-TOF/MS在线检测大黄抗氧化活性成分

目的：建立大黄特征化学成分和抗氧化活性相关联的二维指纹图谱，研究大黄抗氧化活性物质。方法：利用高效液相多检测器联用的抗氧化活性成分在线检测体系，对大黄中化学成分进行检测，共鉴定出大黄中化学成分15种；其中8种具有抗氧化活性；然后采用清除效率为指标对各活性成分的抗氧化活性进行评价。结果：结果发现化合物葡萄糖紫丁香酸、腺嘌呤、没食子酸、儿茶素或表儿茶素、双花母草素、2-O-桂皮酰-没食子酰葡萄糖等具有较强的清除ABTS^·+的活性，而蒽醌类成分对ABTS^·+的清除作用较弱。结论：采用HPLC-ABTS-DAD-Q-TOF/MS对大黄中的抗氧化活性成分进行快速分析鉴定，初步阐明大黄在抗氧化环节起作用的效应物质。     

梓醇防治骨质疏松症的研究进展

骨质疏松症常易导致骨折，致残和致死率高，严重影响患者生活质量。中药地黄及组方在临床上抗骨质疏松效果显著，已有越来越多的研究发现和报道了其活性成分梓醇在这方面的作用和机制，取得了一定的研究成果。本文将通过Pubmed、Web of science、中国知网和万方数据库等对于近10年的相关文献进行检索，搜集并整理有关地黄、梓醇抗骨质疏松方面的最新研究进展，归纳梓醇通过颅骨缺损模型、卵巢切除模型和糖尿病骨质疏松模型等体内动物模型和骨髓间充质干细胞、成骨细胞和破骨细胞等体外细胞模型发挥抗骨质疏松作用的实验结果，分析其研究动态、给药剂量、作用指标以及可能影响Wnt、Hedgehog和PTEN/RANKL等相关信号通路，挖掘潜在的作用靶点和分子机制，为更好地发挥、研究地黄和梓醇抗骨质疏松的作用及机制提供借鉴。     

正交试验优选猫爪草纳米乳喷雾剂的提取工艺

目的:正交试验优选猫爪草纳米乳喷雾剂的最佳提取工艺。方法:以总黄酮提取量和浸膏得率的综合评分为评价指标,在单因素试验基础上,采用L9(34)正交试验考察猫爪草醇提工艺的溶剂体积、乙醇浓度、提取时间及提取温度对提取工艺的影响。结果:最佳提取工艺为以75%乙醇为提取溶剂,提取温度60℃,第1次8倍量1.5 h,第2次7倍量1 h,共提取2次。结论:在单因素试验基础上,通过正交试验优选的提取工艺经验证稳定、简便易行、预测性好,为猫爪草纳米乳喷雾剂的进一步研发奠定了基础。     

国医大师禤国维应用酸敛法治疗小儿特应性皮炎经验

介绍禤国维教授应用酸敛法治疗小儿特应性皮炎的临床经验。认为表虚兼有表燥是本病的基本病机特点,酸敛法可调理肺气、收敛心神、收敛肝气;治疗上注重散收并用,乌梅、五味子、白芍为其最常用的酸敛药,可调理肺、心、肝三脏的功能,并通过与辛散类药物(紫苏叶、防风、蝉蜕等)的配合,达到敛阴而不留邪、祛邪而不伤正的效果。并附验案1则。     

Mindfulness Intervention on Adolescents’ Emotional Intelligence and Psychological Capital during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Background: Since the outbreak of COVID-19 caused adults suffer from mental disorders, it would be an essential for psychologist to help individuals overcome mental disorders. Objective: This study aim to explore whether the intervention of mindfulness is an efficient method to enhance adolescents’ emotional intelligence (EI) and psychological capital (PC) to provide a theoretical basis and future directions for both targeted crisis intervention and psychological trauma recovery plans. Design: This research was designed as randomized controlled trial and total of 798 students were evaluated statistically. Methods: We used paired-sample t-tests and repeated measures ANOVA to compare every factor defined above by time and group. Then, we used Mplus to build LGCM to examine the trajectory of changes in EI and PC in the experimental group. Results and Conclusions: (1) The EI and PC scores had significantly different time points in the experimental group but not in the control group. (2) EI and PC tended to increase with intervention, and there were significant individual differences in the initial level and development speed. (3) Individuals’ EI could promote the growth of PC. This research indicated that mindfulness should be given increasing consideration to enhance mental health during the worldwide outbreak of COVID-19.     

儿童结肠镜术前肠道准备质量的影响因素

目的评估行结肠镜检查术前患儿的肠道准备质量,并探讨其影响因素。方法前瞻性纳入2017年8月1日至2018年3月31日期间行结肠镜检查术的患儿198例。根据Boston肠道准备评分量表(The Boston Bowel Preparation Scale,BBPS)进行肠道准备质量评价,并收集患儿一般资料、肠道准备过程相关情况;采用有序logistic回归分析肠道准备质量的影响因素。结果纳入的198例患儿中,男116例、女82例;平均年龄(8.70±2.87)岁;总BBPS得分为(7.45±1.31)分。肠道准备清洁程度为优104例(52.5%),良74例(37.4%),差20例(10.1%);发生不良反应90例(45.5%)。清洁度优、良、差三组患儿之间便秘史,服药后大便次数,最后一次大便性状,不良反应,服药前、服药期间、服药后运动的差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。Logistic回归分析发现服药后大便次数少,最后一次大便性状为稀糊状、深黄色或褐色有渣、淡黄水样,服用泻药期间无运动和没有完全服用泻药是降低肠道准备清洁度的独立影响因素(P0.05)。结论临床应早期识别影响肠道准备质量的相关因素,并及时采取相应干预措施,以提高肠道准备质量。     

����PathfileTM��������ProTaper������еԤ��ĥ����խ����125��Ч������

目的 探讨机用PathfileTM镍钛锉联合手用ProTaper镍钛器械在磨牙狭窄根管的预备效果。方法 选择2011年8月至2012年2月广州市天河区人民医院口腔科门诊需行根管治疗的磨牙根管狭窄患者125例(患牙125颗),采用PathfileTM镍钛锉进行根管预处理,以手用Pro Taper镍钛器械完成根管预备,侧向加压技术充填根管,根据治疗前后的X线片评价根管预备和充填效果。结果 125颗患牙的419个根管中,409个形态好,7个未能完全疏通,无台阶、根尖堵塞、根管偏移及侧壁穿孔等并发症发生,有3根器械折断于根尖段。恰填403个根管,10个根管因未完全疏通、无法到达根尖孔或断针而欠填,6个根管超填。结论 采用机用PathfileTM镍钛锉疏通狭窄根管的根尖段后再以手用ProTaper镍钛器械完成根管预备,可获得良好的成形效果且较少出现并发症。     

地黄相关药物专利研发竞争态势及启示

目的 通过探索地黄相关专利保护的技术布局、主题分布等方面的规律与特征，为地黄药物研发和生产机构的管理运营及知识产权保护提供参考与建议。方法 以国内外专利为数据源，利用智慧芽专利分析平台和EXCEL软件对近20年来地黄相关药物的专利年度申请态势、技术布局、主要申请机构及其运营情况进行统计与分析。结果 地黄相关专利从2010开始快速增长，但授权发明少；在地黄的种植栽培方面，专利的申请量较少，有待加大该领域专利布局力度。在地黄的加工炮制和药物新用途方面，原始创新有着较大空间。结论 建议地黄研发机构应围绕核心产品对其专利进行全面布局，分析专利价值并进行分类管理和运营，关注该领域专利申请动态预警和防范侵权和被侵权，同时应注重“知识产权”先行，开拓国际市场。